antonio franco

Brakes   use friction to reduce speed.They are activated by certain levers.The  lever  transmits force to an output receptor,which put pressure on the wheel.This produces friction which slows down the wheel. Disc brakes.Brake pads apply pressure to the disc. Band brakes.A flexible band applies pressure to the outside of the drum. Drum brakes .A pair of brake shoes apply pressure to the inside of the drum.

A  ratchet  is a mechanism that controls the direction of motion.It allows motion in one direction,but not in the other. Some ratchets are reversibles.

A  cam  is an irregularly shaped device that rotates on a shaft.When the cam rotates,it pushes a special bar called a  follower .The  follower  can move other parts or it can turn a switch on and off.

We can connect multiple  rods  to one shaft.The   rods   are connected to  cranks ,and the  cranks  are connected to the   cranksh aft.

This mechanism was important for the first steam engines.Today we find  cranks  and  rods  in internal combustion engines,as well as  windscreen wiper  mechanisms.

A winch its a cilinder that rotates around a horizontal axis.We attach the rope to the winch and to a load. Then we turn the crank to rotate de winch. The rope roles up around the winch and lifts the load. Fxd= Rxr

A nut and bolt mechanism transform rotary into linear motion. It has two parts:a bolt with an expiral grove and a nut thats turn arround it.

The rack and pinion mechanisnm has two parts. The rack is a bar with many teeth and pinion is a gear with teeth that interlock with the rack.

We can use the direction of rotation or the axis of rotation in a belt drive. We can also vary the distance between wheels WORM DRIVE :A  worm drive  is a gear arrangement in which a  worm  meshes with a  worm gear .The two elements are also called the  worm screw  and  worm wheel

To To calculate the ratio of transmission between the first wheels and the last wheel of a belt dive:  N4/N1: D1 multiplicated D3/ D2 multiplicated D4 N: IS THE SPEED OF ROTATION AND D IS THE DIAMETER

Rotary transmission systems put two rotate elements into contact. These mechanisms have two purposes Transferring rotary force to an input location to an another location. Changing the rotary speed by using rotating elements of diferent sizes.

A combination of fixed and a movable pulleys forms a  block and tackle . A  block and tackle  can have several pulleys mounted on the fixed and moving axles, further increasing the mechanical advantage.

In a system of pulleys the equilibrium between the forces depends on the path that the rope follows. PULLEYS: FIXED PULLEY :  Has an axle mounted in bearings attached to a supporting structure. A fixed pulley changes the direction of the force on a rope or belt that moves along its circumference.  F: R MOVEABLE PULLEY:   Has an axle in a movable block. A single movable pulley is supported by two parts of the same rope and has a mechanical advantage of two. F: R/2

A lever is a rigid bar that turns around the fulcrum. Each force produce Torque. Torque=FxD Classes of levers Class 1: The fulcrum is between the force and the resistance Class 2: The resistant is between the fulcrum and the force Class 3: The force is between the fulcrum and the resistance Brake levers Bicycle brakes decrease speed. we control them with levers on the handlebar.

Linear transmission mechanisms ues linear motion input to produce linear motion output.

Mechanisms seems to increase force, but they can not create energy by theirself. All mechanisms produce the same amount of work that is done to them, including energy that is lost to friction and heat.

                            linear motion: Lever, pulley Transmit motion                           rotary motion: belt drive, gears                              Rotary-linear: Wheel, rack and pinion Transform motion                             Recipocrating rotary-linear: Cam, crankshaft                         Direction control: freewheel Motion control                         Speed reduction: brake                               Energy acumulation: absorption-disipation: spring.       ...

Input of force and motion- Mechanism-output force and motion

The moving parts of a bicycle are examples of mechanism: -The chain of a bicycle transfer motion to the back wheel -The bar of seesaw forms a lever that we use for fun -The pulley sistem above a well gelp us to bring up water

Weblogs  or  blogs  are a special type of web page.They were originally used as onine diaries for people to share their personal experiences. Blogs have other characteristics which made them interesting: The same blog can be shared by various bloggers working together as a team. Blogs can include hyperlinks to photos,audio recordings or videos. We can use blogs to make daily reports about a project and receive helpful feedback from other people. Businesses can use blogs to improve their customer service,by quickly responding to questions or compplaints about their products.They can also post manuals,videos,and up-to-date information for their customers.

A  wiki  is a collection of web pages that visitors can edit, modify or expand. In this way, the content grows quickly with the contributions of the people working on it. Adding new content to a wiki page is quite easy. Look for an Edit button and click on it. Make changes to the existing content or write a new contribution.  Look for a Save button and click on it to save the changes.  Wikipedia, which was created in January 2001, is a universal encyclopaedia with no restrictions on use, modification or redistribution. Anyone can contribute their knowledge to the project.

  Hyperlinks There are two types of hyperlinks: - External links :take us to other websites related to the topic. Internal links :take us to a different part of the same websites Visual impacts Another fundamental aspect of web page design is the effective combination of text format and images. If we want our web page to look more dynamic,we can add animated gifs or we can also use dynamic text formats. Page order If you have created various pages,you can join together with internal links. Linear order :One page follows another,like the pages of a magazine. Hierarchical order: From the first page,we can link to any other page that we like.

Companies such as  Arsys  or  Nominalia  host web pages by offering space on their servers.The cost of hosting usually depends on the amount of space that your domain will occupy on the server.

To register a domain for your web page,you must choose a name that is not already being used.Domain registration services have search engines for checking possible names.

The steps that you must follow to create a web page are: Register a domain. Sign up with a host server. Design and create your web page. Upload your page to the server. Update your page regularly.

The most popular tools for creating and distributing information on the Internet are web pages,blogs and wikis

The users of vertical networks form communities who have similar reason for using aplication.

The users of horizontal networks form communities who have diverse interests and a wide variety of reasons for using the application.

The most popular cloud-based services are  Google Drive,Dropbox  and  One Drive. The two main advantages of these services are: -Access to our files from any location or device with an Internet connection. -The ablility to share our files easily with other people. Other services,such as Flickr or Picassa lets us upload and edit photos in the cloud.

Social bookmarging  is an Internet tool that lets us organise,use and share information more efficiently.All our content is stored in the cloud so we can access it from any location in the world.

RSS is a subscription device that provide users with frequent updates from media websites, blogs and other sources of information. RSS news feeds are convenient and time saving. Since subscribers receives the news automatically.

A web page is a collection of documents that can include text, audio, video, images and hypertext links. A browser is a programme that locates a web page by it adress. A search engine is a web page with a data base of information about other web pages and their content.

Web 1.0: This web was created only fot reading, you couldn't interact with the content you see. Web 2.0: There the information was bidirectional. Users can create and share infomation on internet. Web 3.0:  The programs could  understand and work the information that they  receives.

        PLE is a combination of resources and activities that a person uses to learn  

Hi! I'm Antonio Franco Romero and this is my blog, I will upload technology concepts usually. I'm an estudent of IES La Rabida, Huelva (Spain). Thi s blog will b e in E nglish